York, the Buffalo Soldiers, and the Price of Serving an Empire

York’s contributions were essential to the success of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Without him, they might not have survived. He hunted for food when supplies ran low, traded with Indigenous tribes to secure safe passage, and endured the same grueling conditions as his white counterparts. Decades later, Buffalo Soldiers faced a similar contradiction, serving a nation that had freed them from slavery but used them to oppress others.

Revisiting the Roots of the Civil War: A Letter to Ambassador Nikki Haley

In this open letter to Ambassador Nikki Haley, the complex causes of the Civil War are explored beyond the traditional narrative of states' rights. It emphasizes the integral role of slavery, particularly its racial underpinnings, in sparking this defining conflict in American history. The letter urges a more comprehensive understanding of the Civil War, recognizing the neglect of slavery's impact and the influence of white supremacist views on such limited interpretations of history.